Simple Present Tense

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Simple present is used to indicate a situation that exists right now, it is used for general statements of fact and used for habitual or everyday activity.   
a. Habitual Action                                                                                            

    - Doni usually eats fried rice for breakfast

 

b. general truth  

     - A year has twelve months

Simple present pattern :

1. Nominal  (kalimat dengan predikat bukan kata kerja, kata kerjanya berupa To Be : Is, Am, Are).

Ex : (+) He is a lawyer (S + Tobe + C)

        (-) He is not a lawyer (S + Tobe + Not + C)

        (?) Is he a lawyer (Tobe + S + C)

When using word questions (W/H questions such as What, Who, When, Why, Where, Which, How), we simply put the question word in the beginning of the sentence and followed by the form of question pattern above.

Example : Why is she angry ?

                  (W/H question + tobe + S + C )

2. Verbal (kalimat dengan predikat berupa kata kerja).

(+) S + Verb – 1 –s/es + O/C/adv

       I study English everyday

       He plays basketball every Tuesday

(-) S + Do/Does + not + Verb – 1 + O/C/adv

       They do not meat

       She does not borrow comics everyday

(?) Do/Does + S + V – 1 + O/C/adv

       Do you drink beer ?

       Does she understand the lesson ?

Spelling of third person singular forms

a. Most verbs :

    Add-s to infinitive

Ex : work  works

       drink  drinks

       meet  meets

b. Verbs ending in consonants + y :

Ex : fly  flies

       cry  cries

       rely  relies

c. Verbs ending in –s, -z, -ch, or –x :

    Add –es to infinitive

Ex : miss misses

        buzz  buzzes

        watch watches

        push  pushes

        fix fixes

d. Verbs ending in vocals –o :

     Add –es to infinitive

Ex : go goes

       do does

additional : have has

do = I, you, we, they

does = he, she, it, Mr. Anas, Mrs. Kartini

adverb of time (keterangan waktu)

- everyday                                        - every month

- every week                                    - every year

- in the morning                              - at seven

- every / each                                  - once / twice a day

Adverb of frequency (keterangan pengulangan)

- always                                             - ever                                     - usually

- never                                               - seldom

- sometimes                                     - often